Hospitalised patients with unexplained chest pain: incidence and prognosis

Abstract

Background: The prognosis of unexplained chest pain patients provides valuable information for evaluation of health services. Objective: To examine prognosis of unexplained chest pain. Methods: Using data from in- and outpatient hospital visits in Norway of patients discharged with a main diagnosis of unexplained chest pain (ICD-10: R072–R074) in 2010–2012, the 1-year incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD), any cardio-vascular disease (CVD) and mortality was evaluated. Cases with prior 2-year history of CVD or chest pain were excluded. Cox proportional hazards evaluated outcomes by patient characteristics and standardized mortality ratios evaluated observed versus expected mortality. Results: Of 59 569 patients identified (20–89 years of age), the majority (86%) were referred to hospital by out-of-hours emergency care centres. Subsequent CHD was noted for 12.5%, 19.5% and 25.0% of men and 7.2%, 11.0%, 14.0% of women aged 45–64, 65–74 and 75–89 years, respectively. The per cent of deaths attributed to CVD were greatest within the first 2 months of postdischarge. Total mortality rates (per 1000 person-years) were 6.6 in men and 4.7 in women aged 45–64 and 69.2 in men and 39.5 in women aged 75–89 years. Relative to the general population, mortality was 53% and 45% higher for men and women under 65 years of age, respectively, attributed primarily to non-CVD causes. Conclusion: Patients in Norway discharged with unexplained chest pain are an at-risk group in terms of incident CHD, any CVD and mortality, including non-CVD mortality during the first-year postdischarge. The results suggest that unexplained chest pain patients may benefit from greater healthcare coordination between medical disciplines.