Social harmony model for social conflict management in Central Java

Abstract

Management of social conflict resolution can be conducted based on responsive management. The management was carried out when a conflict occurs. The conflict resolution can be managed with emergency assistance and social rehabilitation. The research objective was to develop a social harmony model based on a social conflict-prone map. The research locations were in areas prone to or potentially social conflict in 10 districts in Central Java. This research used a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The data were collected through 4 techniques, namely desk research, focus group discussion, one-to-one in-depth interviews, and observation. The participants involved in collecting the field data were the Social Affairs Office, National Unity, Politics, and Community Protection Agency, local media, NGOs, community leaders, Sub regional Police, and District Military Command. The data collected included demographic data, conflict history, sources of conflict or potential conflicts, conflict actors, sources of peace, peace actors, and peacebuilding strategies. The analysis was conducted by compiling a database of potential conflict maps to design a social harmony model. The database from the data and information findings were then classified for mapping conflict-prone areas. In 2019, there were 62 conflict events in Central Java, with conflict intensity from moderate to low category. Based on the number of impacts caused by the conflict, 6 people died, and 11 public facilities were damaged. The causes of conflict were mostly social-psychological relationships between individuals or groups, understanding of values, and misunderstandings. If these were left unchecked and not anticipated early, it was feared to spark a bigger conflict. The social harmony model is manifested in the form of 1) maintaining peaceful conditions in a harmonious and tolerant society, 2) social harmony programs through a local wisdom approach, 3) conflict prevention and peacebuilding programs, and 4) creating various activities for communities that contain elements of togetherness.