Controlled Removal of Organic Dyes from Aqueous Systems Using Porous Cross-Linked Conjugated Polyanilines

Abstract

Porous organic materials, as a broad class of functional materials, offer a promising route for low-cost purification of contaminated wastewaters. We have synthesized a range of highly cross-linked conjugated porous polyanilines and optimized their porosity and water dispersibility by tuning reactant feed ratios, previously unreported in the synthesis of such networks. To demonstrate their ability to adsorb model dyes used in the textile industry, we exposed the networks to a range of cationic aromatic dyes, leading to absorption capacities of >100 mg/g, reported for the first time with respect to polyaniline networks. The versatility of the networks was further demonstrated by the preparation of gel composites, producing active gels for efficient and facile removal and recycling, ideal for real-world applications. Finally, chemical modifications of the networks were undertaken to target the removal of model anionic organic dye pollutants, showing the wide applicability of our approach.