Canadian Real-World Outcomes of Omnipod Initiation in People with Type 1 Diabetes (COPPER study): Evidence from the LMC Diabetes Registry

Abstract

Aims: To investigate real-world clinical outcomes in adults with type 1 diabetes who initiated the Omnipod Insulin Management System (Insulet Corp., Acton, MA, USA) compared to a matched cohort who maintained multiple daily injection therapy. Methods: This retrospective observational study used data from the Canadian LMC Diabetes Registry. Adults with type 1 diabetes who switched from multiple daily injections to the Omnipod system as usual standard of care between January 2011 and April 2019 were matched to a cohort of adults with type 1 diabetes who maintained multiple daily injection therapy, using propensity-score matching. The primary outcome was change in HbA1c at 3- to 6-month follow-up. Results: Propensity-score matching resulted in a final analytical cohort of 286 individuals (143/cohort). HbA1c in the Omnipod cohort was reduced by a mean ± sd of –3 ± 10 mmol/mol (–0.2 ± 1.0%; P = 0.005) with no change in the MDI cohort [0 ± 10 mmol/mol (0.0 ± 1.0%); P = 0.74]. HbA1c change was seen only in persons with baseline HbA1c ≥75 mmol/mol (≥9.0%) [Omnipod cohort: –15 ± 12 mmol/mol (–1.4 ± 1.1%); P < 0.001] with a between-treatment difference [mean (95% CI)] of –12 (–18, –6) mmol/mol [–1.1 (–1.6, –0.5) %, P < 0.001]. The median total daily dose of insulin was lower following Omnipod initiation (baseline 0.63 U/kg vs follow-up 0.53 U/kg; P < 0.001), with no change in the MDI cohort (baseline 0.68 U/kg vs follow-up 0.67 U/kg; P = 0.23). Conclusions: Adults with type 1 diabetes who initiated use of the Omnipod system in a real-world clinical setting had lower HbA1c and total daily dose of insulin at 3- to 6-month follow-up compared to a matched cohort of adults who maintained multiple daily injection therapy. A treatment difference in HbA1c change was seen only in people with baseline HbA1c ≥ 75 mmol/mol (9.0%). (Clinical trials registration: NCT04226378).