Optimization of Fin Arrangements in Latent Heat Storage Systems

Abstract

This study investigates the optimization of fin arrangements to enhance the performance of latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems using phase change materials (PCMs). Numerical simulations were conducted using the enthalpy-porosity method in ANSYS FLUENT to evaluate four fin configurations: plain tube, triangular, rectangular, and leaf-inspired fins. The RT-50 paraffin PCM was selected for its stable thermal properties. Results demonstrated that leaf-inspired fins reduced melting time by 64% and achieved the highest energy storage (202 kJ/kg), outperforming rectangular (47% reduction) and triangular fins (26%). These improvements stem from the fins' ability to maximize surface area and leverage natural convection during phase change. The findings advance renewable energy adoption by enabling faster charging/discharging cycles in solar thermal systems, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and supporting climate change mitigation. Future applications include scalable designs for residential heating and industrial energy storage, though cost-benefit analyses of novel fin geometries remain critical for commercialization.