Estudo das unidades ecodinâmicas de instabilidade potencial na APA de Guaratuba: Subsídios para o planejamento ambiental

Abstract

This paper is based on mapping Potential Instability Ecodynamic Units, aiming at environmental planning. The study area is located between the geographic coordinates 49°08'22''W and 25°32'41''S - 48°32'18''W and 26°00'29''S, involving the Guaratuba's APA (Área de Proteção Ambiental - Environmental Protection Area), located in the towns of Guaratuba, Matinhos, Paranaguá, Tijucas do Sul and São José dos Pinhais (picture 1). The adopted method is based on the morphodynamic approach or Ecodynamics Principle suggested by Tricart (1977). Also, Ross applies (1990 and 1994), that in an integrated way analyzes the landscape factories, and some works done by INPE (1999) and CPRM (2003) have been taken into account. The Potential Instability Ecodynamic Units concept indicates a territorial unit integrated valuation model, based on pedogenesis and morphogenesis balance, propitiating its classifications about the instability degree. The results of the potential instability ecodynamic map indicates the measure of instability in relation to natural and physic information. The integrated analysis is conducted by using matrixes ponder sum operations, which receive a numeric value, using computer programs with GIS (Geographic Information System) - (table 1). The related themes were: geology, considering the rocks resistance about intemperism (table 2) and giving a value to each litologic kind (table 3); slopes and forms (concave, convect and rectinear ) - (table 4); declivity, by giving value to the intervals of <5%, 5-12%, 12-30%, 30-47% >47% (table 5); rain erosion, showing climatic valuation, giving values to the identified classes, in Mj.mm/ha.h.year_table 6); soil kinds, considering the horizon diagnostic, horizon A and textures to give the values (table 7), calculating the weighted average to all pedologyc units, composed by associations and soil kinds sub-groups (table 8). The results are presented in the Potential Instability Ecodynamic map (picture 2), which established four categories: very high, high, intermediate and low. The predominant physical characteristics of each category are shown in the table 9.