Preparation, Characterization, and Application of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles in Glucose and Lactose Biosensors

Abstract

Nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles were synthesized using the co-precipitation method. The structural, morphological, optical and magnetic properties of NiO nanoparticles were investigated by X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-vis Spectroscopy and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The influence of sonication time on the physical characteristics of NiO nanoparticles was illustrated. The interactions of NiO nanoparticles with both glucose and lactose have been0 studied using UV-vis Absorption Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Spectroscopy. XRD pattern reveals that NiO nanoparticles exhibit a face-centered-cubic lattice structure with a crystallite size of 22.77 nm. The magnetic hysteresis demonstrates the ferromagnetic behavior of NiO nanoparticles at room temperature. The energy band gap increases, from 2.8 eV to 3.1 eV, with increasing sonication time from 5 to 20 minutes. It is found that the interaction of lactose-NiO nanoparticles is stronger than that of glucose-NiO ones. The obtained results can be investigated in future biomedical applications, especially in non-enzymatic biosensors.