Anemia and atrial fibrillation as independent risk factors for new-onset chronic kidney disease: the TAMA-MED Project—CKD and AF

Abstract

Background. Various risk factors have been identified for the new onset or rapid deterioration of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it is thought that many risk factors that have not yet been clarified remain. Methods. Based on the results of specific annual health checkups at Tama City (n ¼ 18 383) in 2017 and 2018, we analyzed the factors that cause new-onset CKD and the risk factors that rapidly worsen renal function. For new-onset CKD, proteinuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 were examined separately. Rapid deterioration of renal function was defined as an eGFR 25% less than the previous year. Results. Multivariate analysis showed that in addition to age and impaired glucose tolerance, anemia and atrial fibrillation (AF) were risk factors for the new appearance of proteinuria. Risk factors for a decrease in eGFR to <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 were age and hyperuricemia. Age, systolic hypertension, urinary protein and urinary occult blood, high triglycerides and anemia were significant risk factors for the rapid deterioration of renal function in patients with CKD Stage 3. Conclusions. From the results of specific annual health checkups at Tama City, AF, anemia and hyperuricemia were identified as risk factors for new-onset CKD over a short period of 1 year. Anemia was also a factor for the rapid deterioration of kidney function in subjects with renal dysfunction.