EXPLORING NON-CHEMICAL METHODS FOR SUSTAINABLE WEED MANAGEMENT

Abstract

This paper explores the significant challenges posed by weeds, which severely reduce crop yields and threaten global food security. Weeds compete with crops for vital resources and contribute to decreased food quality and production. The study emphasizes the importance of non-chemical weed control methods, particularly bioherbicides, as environmentally friendly alternatives. Additionally, it examines the role of robotics in weed management, focusing on the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance precision and efficiency. The application of laser technology in weed control is also discussed as a non-invasive and targeted approach. Furthermore, the paper investigates the allelopathic effects of plant extracts on weeds, particularly the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals. These ROS induce oxidative stress, leading to damage in cellular components like DNA, proteins, and membranes, and eventually triggering cell death and necrosis. The paper highlights the potential of plant-based solutions in sustainable weed management, contributing to ecofriendly agricultural practices. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of non-chemical weed control for minor crops, which contribute over €60 billion annually to the EU agricultural sector. Due to limited herbicide availability, integrated non-chemical strategies are vital, with approaches varying based on factors like cultivation system, market type, and expertise. These methods are essential for sustainable production and food security.