Drug-coated balloon-only angioplasty for native coronary disease instead of stents

Abstract

Coronary angioplasty has vastly improved both in technique and devices since the first angioplasty in 1977. Currently, stent implantation is used almost ubiquitously, despite being developed originally to treat vessel threatening dissections. Newer concepts including absorbable polymers or fully bioabsorbable scaffolds are constantly being developed. However, we find the concept of no permanent implant whilst still delivering a chemotherapeutic drug to reduce restenosis very attractive given the long term implications of a metallic stent, which include restenosis, late thrombosis and neo-atheroma formation. The use of a drug-coated balloon-only approach to de novo angioplasty will avoid the late thrombotic problems whilst also reducing early restenosis, simplifying the procedure and reducing the dual antiplatelet duration to 1 month. We review the current literature and highlight our practice with regard to use of drug-coated balloons in treatment of de novo coronary artery disease.