Frequency and severity of the dawn phenomenon in type 2 diabetes: Relationship to age

Abstract

OBJECTIVE - To know whether age has an independent effect on the dawn phenomenon in noninsulin-using type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Eighty-one individuals with type 2 diabetes were matched for HbA1c and divided by age into three subgroups of 27 individuals (1: ≥70 years; 2: 60-69 years; and 3: ≤59 years). All underwent ambulatory continuous glucose monitoring for quantifying the dawn phenomenon (i.e., the absolute [∂G, mg/dL] or relative [∂G%] increments from nocturnal nadirs to prebreakfast time points). RESULTS - HbA1c levels and 24-h glycemic profiles were similar across the three groups. Glucose increments (mean ± SEM) were identical in the three groups: ∂G (mg/dL), 22.0 ± 4.7 (1), 21.3 ± 3.6 (2), and 18.063.6 (3) and dG(%), 19.9 ± 4.9 (1), 21.6 ± 4.4 (2), and 17.6 ± 4.2 (3). Using the most common definition (∂G .10 mg/dL), the prevalence of the dawn phenomenon was 52, 70, and 59% in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. CONCLUSIONS - The dawn phenomenon is present in the elderly. © 2012 by the American Diabetes Association.