Enteric infections in an endemic area induce a circulating antibody- secreting cell response with homing potentials to both mucosal and systemic tissues

Abstract

Enteric infections induce a response of circulating pathogen-specific antibody-secreting cells (ASC). The expression of homing receptors (HRs) on these cells was studied in patients with diarrhea caused by Vibrio cholerae in Bangladesh, an area in which cholera is endemic. The gut HR, α4β7, was expressed by ~80% of the ASC, indicating mucosal homing of these cells. However, the peripheral lymph node HR, L-selectin, was also expressed by ~80% of the ASC specific to either cholera toxin or O antigen. In earlier findings after oral immunization in nonendemic areas, α4β7 has been expressed by ~100% and L-selectin by ~50% of the ASC. In comparison, the present data speak for a more systemic targeting of the immune response associated with long-lasting immunity in an endemic area. The results thus provide insight for the continued development and evaluation of vaccines.