Synthesis of nanocatalyst Pd immobilized on ZPD as efficient and reusable for Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction

Abstract

ZPD as one type of MOF is based on zinc ions, in the structure of which 2,5 pyridine dicarboxylic acid (pydc) ligand is present. A heterogeneous catalyst consisting of palladium nanoparticles (NPs) loaded on Zn4(pydc)4(DMF)2·3DMF support (Pd@ZPD) was synthesized by incipient wet impregnation procedure and its catalytic activity in the Sonogashira cross-reaction was investigated. Pd@ZPD has some important advantages such as high surface area and porosity, high thermal stability, and good tolerance for air and moisture. Using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), the content of Pd loaded into the Pd@ZPD nanocatalyst was obtained at nearly 2.85wt.%. The heterogeneous catalyst could be used six times without losing its catalytic activity. The catalyst is easily separated from the reaction products without a significant decrease in the catalytic activity and reaction yield which makes it suitable for practical applications.