Planar hexagonal patch multiple input multiple output 4×4 antenna for UWB applications

Abstract

The combination of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antennas and Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technology offers several advantages, including reduced interference, improved isolation, and optimized dual paths. These benefits extend the range and enhance signal quality. However, designing UWB-MIMO antennas presents challenges, such as achieving low mutual coupling for high isolation and creating small-sized antennas suitable for portable devices while being effective for UWB frequencies in a MIMO configuration. The proposed antenna is a 4×4 planar MIMO antenna with a hexagon-shaped patch, a partial ground plane featuring an inverted L-stub on the left side, and a plus-shaped slot in the centre ground. It has dimensions of 32×32×1.6 mm³ and is capable of achieving a wide bandwidth of 3-12.5 GHz. The antenna’s performance measurements are impressive: return loss below-10 dB at frequencies of 3-12.5 GHz, mutual coupling below-16.5 dB, envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) bellow 0.005, diversity gain (DG) of more than 9.97, total active reflection coefficient (TARC) below-10 dB. Based on these results, the proposed antenna offers excellent performance for UWB applications, featuring high efficiency, minimal interference between antenna elements, and optimal diversity performance.