Nanotech frontiers: can nanoparticles redefine our approach to insect pest management

Abstract

Nanoparticles are materials characterized by nano-scale external dimensions or internal structures. In the context of sustainable agriculture and the growing demand for food security, nanoparticle-based pesticides offer a promising alternative to conventional pesticides. These innovative formulations, such as nano-capsules, nano-spheres, nano-gels, nano-emulsion, and micelles, enable controlled release and improved efficiency. The small particle size significantly increases the surface area, enhancing the chemical’s effectiveness. Beyond pesticide formulations, nanotechnology plays a vital role in various aspects of insect pest management. This includes the targeted delivery of genetic material to modify crop or insect traits and the enhancement of biosensor activity for pesticide detection and pest monitoring. While nanotechnology has been a topic of interest for decades, its widespread commercial application in agriculture remains limited. Future efforts should prioritize assessing ecological impacts and developing strategies to mitigate potential adverse effects. This article aims to summarize recent advancements in nanotechnology-driven strategies for insect pest management at various levels, evaluate their efficacy and sustainability, and address critical challenges for future implementation in agriculture.