The Balloon‐borne Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (BLAST) 2005: A 4 deg 2 Galactic Plane Survey in Vulpecula (ℓ = 59°)

Abstract

We present the first results from a new 250, 350, and 500 μm Galactic plane survey taken with the Balloon-borne Large-Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (BLAST) in 2005. This survey's primary goal is to identify and characterize high-mass protostellar objects ( HMPOs). The region studied here covers 4 deg 2 near the open cluster NGC 6823 in the constellation Vulpecula (ℓ = 59°). We find 60 compact sources ( < 60″ diameter) detected simultaneously in all three bands. Their SEDs are constrained through BLAST, IRAS, Spitzer M IPS, and MSX photometry, with inferred dust temperatures spanning ∼12-40 K assuming a dust emissivity index β = 1.5. The luminosity-to-mass ratio, a distance-independent quantity, spans ∼0.2-130 L ⊙ M ⊙ -1 . Distances are estimated from coincident 13 CO(1 → 0) velocities combined with a variety of other velocity and morphological data in the literature. In total, 49 sources are associated with a molecular cloud complex encompassing NGC 6823 (distance ∼2.3 kpc), 10 objects with the Perseus arm (∼8.5 kpc), and one object is probably in the outer Galaxy (∼14 kpc). Near NGC 6823, the inferred luminosities and masses of BLAST sources span ∼40-10 4 L ⊙ and ∼15-700 M ⊙ , respectively. The mass spectrum is compatible with molecular gas masses in other high-mass star-forming regions. Several luminous sources appear to be ultracompact H ii regions powered by early B stars. However, many of the objects are cool, massive gravitationally bound clumps with no obvious internal radiation from a protostar, and hence excellent HMPO candidates. © 2008. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.