Quality of life, depression, daytime sleepiness and fatigue in Omani people with epilepsy: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder that can adversely affect multiple life domains, including mental health, sleep quality, and overall well-being. In Oman, where modern healthcare services have expanded substantially, limited data exist on how these factors influence the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of adults with epilepsy. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate HRQoL and its relationships with depression, daytime sleepiness, and fatigue in Omani adults with epilepsy. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 238 Omani adults with epilepsy at two tertiary hospitals in Muscat. HRQoL was assessed using the Quality of Life in Epilepsy-31 (QOLIE-31), while depression, daytime sleepiness, and fatigue were measured via the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E), the Epworth Daytime Sleepiness Scale (EDSS), and the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), respectively. Independent t-tests and one-way ANOVAs examined differences in QOLIE-31 scores, and Pearson correlations assessed relationships among the four scales. Continuous variables are reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD) and categorical variables as frequencies and percentages. Statistical analyses were two-tailed; results with p