Assessment of carotid artery intima media thickness in prehypertension

Abstract

Introduction and Aim: Increased carotid artery intima media thickness (CIMT) has been linked to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). CVD is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in India. Increased CIMT has been documented in Hypertension (HT), thus putting them at a higher risk of CVD. Early identification and awareness of risk factors leading to increased morbidity and mortality could help in reducing its incidence. The aim of the study was to measure CIMT in prehypertensive Indian population. Materials and Methods: In this analytical observational study, common carotid artery IMT was measured using B mode ultrasonography in 46 individuals having blood pressure in the prehypertensive range and 46 individuals with normal blood pressure. Cardiovascular risk factors like body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBS), and lipid profile, which are known to influence CIMT, were also assessed and compared between the two groups. Results: CIMT was significantly higher in prehypertensives as compared to subjects having normal blood pressure. BMI, FBS, and lipid profile was found to be comparable between the two groups. Conclusions: The presence of increased CIMT in prehypertensives as compared to controls indicates an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events.