The effect of therapeutic artistic activities on anxiety and psychological well-being in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a randomized controlled study

Abstract

A parallel-group, randomized controlled design was implemented in this study to examine the effectiveness of therapeutic art activities for adolescents with type 1 diabetes. The study was conducted at Ankara Bilkent City Hospital between November 2023 and August 2024 with 72 adolescents aged 9–18 (36 intervention, 36 control). The intervention group participated in 6 weeks of therapeutic art activities, while the control group received standard care. Therapeutic artistic activities included Zentangle, mandala painting, third-person drawing techniques, and the awareness of four-leaf clover. Sessions were held one-on-one via WhatsApp. The State Anxiety Inventory and Psychological Well-Being Scale were administered at the beginning and end of the study. After the therapeutic program, the mean state anxiety score of adolescents in the intervention group (32.19 ± 2.75) was significantly lower than in the control group (45.13 ± 4.84). Additionally, at the end of the program, the mean psychological well-being score of adolescents in the intervention group (48.52 ± 5.30) was significantly higher than that of the control group (33.41 ± 9.83) (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that therapeutic art activities were effective in reducing anxiety and improving psychological well-being in adolescents with diabetes. It is recommended that therapeutic art activities be integrated into the care programs for children with diabetes. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06595173. Registered on September 11, 2024. (Table presented.)