Process simulation and modeling of biogas conversion to dimethyl ether using Aspen Plus

Abstract

This study investigates the transformation of biogas, generated by small-scale waste management systems, into a clean-burning liquid fuel known as dimethyl ether (DME). A process model was developed using Aspen Plus software to simulate the one-step production of DME from biogas, capitalizing on its inherent efficiency and scalability. The proposed system integrates biogas production from various sources, including community poultry farms, dairy farms, and industrial waste treatment facilities, with the synthesis of DME, offering a sustainable and decentralized approach to waste management and energy generation. The model processes a flow rate of 5 kmol/hr of biogas, employing a comprehensive sensitivity analysis to optimize operating conditions for efficient DME production while minimizing the required equipment size. This DME production process presents a promising alternative fuel solution characterized by low particulate emissions, sulfur-free emissions, and a high cetane rating of 55–60. The objective of this research is to establish the foundation for the development of small-scale, decentralized units for DME production, facilitating the conversion of solid waste into valuable energy resources.