Avaliação da resistência a antibióticos de bactérias isoladas de efluente hospitalar

Abstract

The massive use of antibiotics is among the leading causes of bacterial resistance. The objective of this study is to investigate whether the sewage of the Maringá Regional University Hospital (HUM) has pathogenic bacteria resistant to antibiotics. The samples were collected at two sites, one from the entire hospital and the other from the blood bank. 100 mL were inserted in dilutions of 10-2, 10-3 and 10-4 in cultures Mac Conkey Agar, Salmonella-Shigella Agar, Mannitol Salt Agar and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar. The samples were subjected to bacterial identification and antibiogram. The identification was based on bacterioscopy by Gram staining, and biochemical evidence. The antibiograms were made in accordance with the disk diffusion methodology in Müeller-Hinton agar, and 12 antibiotics were used in these tests. They were isolated and 39 samples were identified; of these, 18 species showed resistance and moderate resistance to at least one antibiotic. Bacteria isolated and identified as K. pneumoniae, E. coli, K pneumoniae, E. cloacae and C. freundii showed resistance to almost all tested antibiotics. It was found that the HUM releases bacteria with multi-resistant to certain antibiotics into the public sewage system. Therefore, it becomes to deploy an efficient system of treating effluents in the HUM.