Blood Transfusion

Abstract

Blood transfusion is performed to provide volume, protein, and oxygen-carrying support in cases of hypovolemia, hypoproteinemia, or anemia associated with signs of hypoxemia. The donor is selected based on good general health, a packed cell volume (PCV) and total protein within the reference ranges, and a body weight similar to or greater than the recipient. In the case of anemia, an ideal blood volume to be administered can be calculated when the PCV of the donor and recipient are known. Blood donation is generally a very safe procedure for the donor, and few complications are seen. Hematoma or other catheter complications may occur and, rarely, the donor may show signs of hypovolemia (weakness). Transfusion reactions can range from minor urticaria to life-threatening anaphylaxis. The donor should be monitored for 2 to 3 days after blood donation for general health and appetite.