Literature Review: Causes of Stunting in Toddlers

Abstract

Stunting is a condition in which chronic malnutrition is caused by inadequate nutritional intake for a long period due to feeding that is not by nutritional needs. This article aims to review the factors that cause stunting, including maternal knowledge and parenting patterns, nutritional intake, low birth weight (LBW), and family economic status. A literature review was conducted by searching relevant articles from the electronic database (Google Scholar) using the following keywords: “causes of stunting” and “factors of stunting” in Indonesian and English. Ten articles were selected based on the following inclusion criteria: publication date from 2015 to 2021, discussing the causes of stunting that occurs in children's golden age, Indonesian language articles, full text, open access, and academic journals. Articles were analyzed using a matrix table. Factors causing stunting at the golden age of children are caused by lack of knowledge of mothers and parenting patterns, nutritional intake, low birth weight, and economic status. Stunting is very vulnerable to occur at the golden age of children due to the factors already mentioned previously. Recommended programs to increase parental knowledge such as antenatal care, maternal nutrition during pregnancy, monitoring of child nutrition, and information on parenting. Stunting is very vulnerable to occur at the golden age of children due to the factors already mentioned previously. Recommended programs to increase parental knowledge such as antenatal care, maternal nutrition during pregnancy, monitoring of child nutrition, and information on parenting. Stunting is very vulnerable to occur at the golden age of children due to the factors already mentioned previously. Recommended programs to increase parental knowledge such as antenatal care, maternal nutrition during pregnancy, monitoring of child nutrition, and information on parenting.