Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Cissus quadrangularis L. stem extracts against Avian Pathogens and Determination of its Bioactive Constituents using GC-MS

Abstract

The current study evaluates the antimicrobial activity and characterizes the chemical constituents of stems of Cissus quadrangularis L. using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS). The disc diffusion method was employed to determine the antimicrobial activity of methanol, ethanol, aqueous and petroleum ether extracts of Cissus quadrangularis stems against avian microorganisms viz. Escherichia sp., Klebsiella sp., Salmonella sp, Staphylococcus sp., Pasturella sp. and Aspergillus sp. were isolated from layer chicken. Among the various extracts, methanol extract showed potential antimicrobial activity against avian microorganisms especially Escherichia sp. and least activity was noted against Aspergillus sp. followed by ethanol, petroleum ether and aqueous extracts also showed activity against the tested avian pathogens. Among all the bioactive compounds identified in the current study, 2-Furancarboxaldehyde, 5-(hydroxymethyl)-, 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol, E-10- Pentadecenol, Cyclopentaneundecanoic acid, methyl ester, 9- Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester, Docosanoic acid, ethyl ester, phytol, squalene, Urs-12-en-24-oic acid, 3-oxo-, methyl ester, (+)- ,4,8,13-Cyclotetradecatriene-1,3-diol, 1,5,9-trimethyl-12-(1- methylethyl)-, 2H-Pyran, 2-(7-heptadecynyloxy) tetra hydro- were represented in the C. quadrangularis extracts . It is concluded that the presence of various bioactive compounds as revealed by the GCMS analysis in C. quadrangularis may have possessed the significant antimicrobial activity against the avian microorganisms