Applied Precision Cancer Medicine in Neuro-Oncology

Abstract

Brain tumours that are refractory to treatment have a poor prognosis and constitute a major challenge in offering effective treatment strategies. By targeting molecular alterations, precision cancer medicine may be a viable option for the treatment of brain tumours. In this retrospective analysis of our PCM platform, we describe the molecular profiling of primary brain tumours from 50 patients. Tumour samples of the patients were examined by a 161-gene next-generation sequencing panel, immunohistochemistry, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We identified 103 molecular aberrations in 36 (72%) of the 50 patients. The predominant mutations were TP53 (14.6%), IDH1 (9.7%) and PIK3CA (6.8%). No mutations were detected in 14 (28%) of the 50 patients. IHC demonstrated frequent overexpression of EGFR and mTOR, in 38 (76%) and 35 (70%) patients, respectively. Overexpression of PDGFRa and PDGFRb were less common and detected in 16 and four patients, respectively. For 35 patients a targeted therapy was recommended. In our database, the majority of patients displayed mutations, against which targeted therapy could be offered. Based on our observations, PCM may be a feasible novel treatment approach in neuro-oncology.