Evaluation Of Long-Term Complications Of Diabetes Mellitus In Dogs

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is indeed considered a metabolic disease-causing chronic complication in several organs. The present study aimed to investigate the Long-Term Complications in diabetic dogs. This study was performed on 50 chronic diabetic dogs (age: 6-14 years) compared to 20 control healthy dogs. Clinically, affected dogs showed polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, eye cataracts, and emaciation. There was a highly significant decrease in RBCs, Hb, and PCV and lymphocyte levels, however, a significant increase in WBCs, neutrophil, and platelet levels in diabetic dogs. Biochemically, diabetic dogs showed a significant increase in random blood glucose, HbA1C, kidney marker (SDMA), cardiac markers (Troponin T and CK-MB), and a significant decrease in immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA). Electrocardiographic examination showed spiked T-wave and cardiac arrhythmia. Ultrasonographic and radiographic examinations showed pancreatitis, fatty liver, nephritis, and emphysematous cystitis. In conclusion, this study revealed that diabetes mellitus in dogs resulted in multiple complications. Therefore, it is recommended to monitor and manage chronic diabetic dogs to control these complications.