Characterization of a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker of the gastric H,K-ATPase,1-[5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-(pyridin-3-ylsulfonyl)-1H-pyrrol-3- yl]-N-methylmethanamine monofumarate (TAK-438)

Abstract

Inhibition of the gastric H,K-ATPase by the potassium-competitive acid blocker (P-CAB) 1-[5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-(pyridin-3-ylsulfonyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]- N-methylmethanamine (TAK-438), is strictly K +-competitive with a K i of 10 nM at pH 7. In contrast to previous P-CABs, this structure has a point positive charge (pK a 9.06) allowing for greater accumulation in parietal cells compared with previous P-CABs [e.g., (8-benzyloxy-2-methylimidazo(1,2-a)pyridin-3-yl)acetonitrile (SCH28080), pK a 5.6]. The dissociation rate of the compound from the isolated ATPase is slower than other P-CABs, with the t 1/2 being 7.5 h in 20 mM KCl at pH 7. The stoichiometry of binding of TAK-438 to the H,K-ATPase is 2.2 nmol/mg in the presence of Mg-ATP, vanadate, or MgP i. However, TAK-438 also binds enzyme at 1.3 nmol/mg in the absence of Mg 2+. Modeling of the H,K-ATPase to the homologous Na,K-ATPase predicts a close approach and hydrogen bonding between the positively charged N-methylamino group and the negatively charged Glu795 in the K +- binding site in contrast to the planar diffuse positive charge of previous P-CABs. This probably accounts for the slow dissociation and high affinity. The model also predicts hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl of Tyr799 and the oxygens of the sulfonyl group of TAK-438. A Tyr799Phe mutation resulted in a 3-fold increase of the dissociation rate, showing that this hydrogen bonding also contributes to the slow dissociation rate. Hence, this K +-competitive inhibitor of the gastric H,K-ATPase should provide longer-lasting inhibition of gastric acid secretion compared with previous drugs of this class. Copyright © 2011 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Printed in U.S.A.