Microwave-assisted roasting time on Ilmenite Bangka Belitung extraction using hydrometallurgical method

Abstract

Titanium Dioxide (TiO 2) was extracted from Bangka Ilmenite through a hydrometallurgical process employing the microwave-assisted method using a 20% HCl solution. The highest crystallinity percentage in XRD result, reaching 75%, was achieved after a roasting duration of 25 minutes, with a corresponding crystallite size of  35.57 nm at the TiO2-Anatase phase's peak intensity of 25.24°. Analysis of the extracted ilmenite revealed alterations in its compound composition, notably an increase in TiO 2 content. The most substantial increase in TiO 2 content, rising to 69.7% from 33.76%, was observed after 25 minutes of roasting. UV–Vis spectroscopy revealed an energy band gap of 2.329 eV.