Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome patients with overweight and hypertension in a Japanese workplace

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and overweight combined with hypertension and to examine whether OSAHS in conjunction with overweight and hypertension is associated with daytime sleepiness. In a Japanese workplace of 28,636 employees, 368 men (19-62 yr old), who were anxious regarding their OSAHS symptoms, underwent home pulse oximetry. Of these, 153 men subsequently underwent all-night polysomnography (PSG), and OSAHS was diagnosed in 149. We next classified these 149 men into the following groups: A [Overweight (-)/Hypertension (-), n=41], B [Overweight (-)/Hypertension (+), n=15], C [Overweight (+)/Hypertension (-), n=46], and D [Overweight (+)/Hypertension (+), n=47]. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was used to evaluate daytime sleepiness and the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was used to evaluate the severity of OSAHS. The averages of the ESS score and the AHI were compared in each group. Both the average ESS scores and the percentage of ESS scores ≥11 were not significantly different among the groups. The average AHI of group D was the highest among all of the groups and that of group C was significantly higher than those of groups A and B. In all the groups, the OSAHS patients with overweight and hypertension in this study had the highest AHI. The level of daytime sleepiness evaluated by the ESS in this study was almost the same in the OSAHS patients regardless of the degree of overweight or hypertension. These observations suggest that it is necessary to positively recommend PSG to men who are suspected of having OSAHS with overweight and hypertension, even if they do not have daytime sleepiness.