Perbandingan kadar HbA1C pada pasien DM Tipe 2 dengan frekuensi senam prolanis satu kali per minggu dan tiga kali per minggu

Abstract

Abstract: World-wide diabetes prevalence has been rapidly increasing in the last two decades and according to the International Federations Projects, it will reach 438 million people by 2030. HbA1c examination is a standard for measuring the long-term glycemic value in diabetic patients. A case control study shows that structured exercise is effective in lowering the HbA1c level. Prolanis is a program in Indonesia focused on managing patients with hypertension and diabetes. One of the programs that Prolanis offers is doing physical exercise for 60 minutes per week. However, American Diabetes Association stated that diabetic patients should perform at least 150 minutes of physical exercise per week. This study aimed to obtain the effect of PROLANIS exercise frequency on HbA1c. This was a field experimental study with a pre post test control group design. Data were statistically analyzed by using the T-Independent and T-dependent tests with a standard error of 5%. There were 30 respondents divided into 2 groups: Prolanis exercise 3 times a week and once a week. The levels of HbA1c was measured before and after 4 weeks of Prolanis exercise. After the 4-weeks exercise the HbA1c levels of the once a week group rose by 0.13%. Meanwhile, the 3 times per week group displayed a decreased HbA1c level by 0.04%. There was a significant difference in HbA1c level before and after 4 weeks of Prolanis exercise between both groups (p = 0.032). Conclusion: Among diabetic patients, the 3 times of Prolanis exercise per week regimen was more effective in lowering the HbA1c levels than the 1 time of PROLANIS exercise per week regimen. Keyword: HbA1c, type 2 diabetes melitus, prolanis Abstrak: Prevalensi diabetes di seluruh dunia telah meningkat jauh selama dua dekade terakhir dan menurut International Federation Projects pada tahun 2030 akan mencapai 438 juta orang. Pemeriksaan HbA1c merupakan standard dalam pemeriksaan kadar gula darah jangka panjang pada penyandang diabetes. Suatu penelitian kasus kontrol menunjukkan bahwa olahraga teratur dapat menurunkan kadar HbA1c. Prolanis adalah sebuah program dari Indonesia yang difokuskan terhadap pasien dengan hipertensi dan diabetes melitus. Salah satu program yang ditawarkan ialah senam 60 menit setiap minggu. American Diabetes Association menyatakan bahwa sekurang-kurangnya pasien diabetes harus latihan fisik selama 150 menit setiap minggu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek dari frekuensi senam terhadap kadar HbA1c. Jenis penelitian ini ialah eksperimental lapangan dengan rancangan pre post test control group design. Analisis statistic dilakukan dengan uji T tidak berpasangan dan T berpasangan (taraf kesalahan 5%). Senam dilakukan oleh 30 responden yang dibagi dalam 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok 1 kali per minggu dan kelompok 3 kali per minggu. Pengukuran kadar HbA1c dilakukan sebelum dan setelah senam Prolanis selama 4 minggu. Setelah senam, rerata kadar HbA1c kelompok 1 kali/minggu mengalami peningkatan sebesar 0,13% sedangkan kelompok 3 kali/minggu mengalami penurunan sebesar 0,04%. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara selisih kadar HbA1c sebelum dan sesudah 4 minggu senam Prolanis kedua kelompok (p = 0,032). Simpulan: Senam Prolanis 3 kali/minggu lebih efektif dalam menurunkan kadar HbA1c daripada senam Prolanis 1 kali/minggu.Kata kunci: HbA1c, diabetes melitus tipe 2, prolanis