Infectious complications associated to percutaneous nephrolithotomy in a teaching hospital from Colombia

Abstract

Introduction The NLP is a minimal invasive technique used for handling big size calculus. Different kind of complications may be presented after this procedure. The purpose of this study is to stablish the frequency and the associated features of the infectious complications of the patients who underwent NLP in a university hospital which is a reference center. Materials and Methods A Descriptive, retrospective survey evaluating 164 patients undergoing PNL in San Jose University hospital from January 2010 to December 2014. The incidence of any type of infectious complication was sought within 30 days after surgery. Information concerning hospitalization history, use of antibiotics, urinary tract infection, stone characteristics, prophylaxis used, cultures made, sensitivity pattern, the need for antibiotic change and evolution was collected. Results 164 patients were included, in which 12,8% of them presented infectious complications. 95% of the patients were females, urinary infection (86%) was the most frequent among them and the most recognized microorganism was Escherichia coli, in which only 42% had cefazolin sensitivity. 61,90% (13) of the patients presented sepsis, with higher frequency on those with history of: urinary infection (84,63%), surgery hospitalization (46,12%), stones > 25 mm (92,31%) and density > 1000 UH (38,46%) Conclusions The infections are one of the complications described after a PNL due to the destruction of infectious stones of great lithiasic mass and associated to urinary tract obstruction. To minimize this risk, the right prophylaxis must be established according to the risk factors of the patient and the local epidemiology. It is important to do stone fragments cultures with the purpose of implementing the appropriate antibiotic in case an infection is presented.