The aging muscle: sarcopenia, mitochondrial function, and redox biology

Abstract

Sarcopenia, age-related skeletal muscle loss and weakened strength, hinders functional independence, elevates mortality risk, and strains healthcare systems. Diagnosis varies among working groups, leading to diverse prevalence estimates. Recent meta-analyses suggest a 10% overall prevalence, increasing with age and peaking at 50% for those aged 80 or older. Standardized diagnostic criteria are essential for ad-dressing this significant health concern. Sarcopenia is associated with structural and functional muscle changes, including mitochondrial alterations and disruptions in redox balance. Given the pivotal role of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia, further preclinical and clinical studies are needed to gain a deeper comprehension of redox signaling pathways and to identify targeted therapeutic strategies.