Experimental Models in Parkinson’s Disease: Advantages and Disadvantages

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease is a complex neurodegenerative disease that affects millions of people worldwide. The incidence and prevalence of Parkinson’s disease, the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer’s disease, is gradually increasing. Although it is an important public health concern, the mechanisms related to Parkinson’s disease have not been fully elucidated. One of the main approaches to research on mechanisms and treatment related to Parkinson’s disease is the use of experimental models. In vitro and in vivo models enable the investigation of disease-related molecular and cellular processes and the testing of potential treatments. A variety of experimental models are used in Parkinson’s disease research, including toxin-induced models, genetic models, and transgenic models, each with their strengths and limitations. Experimental models come to the fore in research on Parkinson’s disease, which does not yet have a radical treatment. However, it is important to recognize that no experimental model truly represents all aspects of human Parkinson’s disease. For this reason, the findings obtained from the studies need to be supported by different test systems and interpreted carefully. Experimental models are invaluable in the quest to elucidate the mechanism of Parkinson’s disease and develop effective treatments.