EDITORIAL

Abstract

The year 2023 has marked an alarming climate milestone with the highest temperatures since climate records exist. November, in particular, has reached the highest figure for that month with 2ºC above the pre-industrial level, raising the global annual average by 1.25ºC above the pre-industrial average. These data show that we are close to exceeding the 1.5ºC threshold set in the Paris Agreement [1] for 2045, with this limit expected to be exceeded in 2034 [2]. Seven years after the implementation of the Agreement, we see growing global commitment, with countries, regions, cities and companies setting carbon neutrality targets. However, in 2022, 53.8 Gt CO2eq were emitted worldwide, which was 2.3% more than in 2019, the year before the Covid-19 pandemic [3]. China, the United States, India, the EU27, Russia and Brazil emitted 61.6% of the world's Greenhouse Gas emissions in 2022.