Hydrophobic and adhesive patterns of lactic acid bacteria and their antagonism against foodborne pathogens on tomato surface (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Abstract

Aims: To evaluate tomato epiphyte lactic acid bacteria (LAB) hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation as an indicator of bacteria adhesion to tomato. Likewise, use LAB adhesion and co-aggregation as mechanisms to antagonize pathogen attachment. Methods and Results: Fifty-four LAB were screened to evaluate their hydrophobic, auto- and co-aggregative properties against Salmonella Typhimurium, Saintpaul, Montevideo and Escherichia coli O157:H7. Subsequently, tomato adhesion of Enterococcus faecium Col1-1C, Weisella cibaria 11-E-2 and W. confusa Col 1-13 with high, medium and low hydrophobicity and high co-aggregation was investigated as well as their pathogen antagonism. Results indicate that bacteria hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation correspond to LAB adhesion to tomato. Enterococcus faecium Col1-1C interfered in most of the pathogen adhesion and micrographs revealed that such effect could be related to the inhibition of structures-type biofilm on E. coli O157:H7 and the aggregate formation on Salmonella. Conclusions: Lactic acid bacteria hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation can estimate bacteria adhesion to tomato and adhesive and co-aggregative properties could serve as a tool to antagonize foodborne pathogens under specific conditions. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study evidence the interference of Ent. faecium Col1-1C in E. coli O157:H7 biofilm formation and Salmonella colonization.