Kekerabatan Plasma Nutfah Tebu Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi

Abstract

Karakterisasi morfologi tanaman tebu ( Saccharum officinarum) sangat diperlukan sebagai pendukung perakitan varietas unggul melalui identifikasi sumber plasma nutfah yang ada. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memanfaatkan peluang data morfologi deskriptif, untuk menduga jarak dan hubungan kekerabatan genetik antar aksesi. Analisis clustering dilakukan menggunakan program Minitab 15, berdasar metode complete lingkage atau berdasarkan jarak terbesar dari 105 aksesi tebu. Hasil analisis menghasilkan 8 komponen utama dengan proporsi keragaman 75,4%. Selanjutnya analisis clustering pada 105 aksesi plasma nutfah tebu terbagi menjadi 15 kelompok pada derajat kemiripan 60%. Karakter bentuk telinga daun berkontribusi paling besar terhadap keragaman total. Genetic Relationship of Sugarcane Germplasm from Study on Morphological Characters Morphological characterization of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is required to support superior variety improvement by identification of germplasm resources. The purpose of this research was to know the diversity and genetic relationship of sugarcane germplasm from exploration in Java, based on morphological data as a contribution in the plant breeding process. The clustering analysis was done on Minitab 15 software by the complete linkage method or the greatest distance for 105 sugarcane accessions. The results showed there have 8 major components with the 75.4% of diversity proportion. While, clustering analysis for 105 sugarcane accession was divided into 15 groups with 60% degree of similarity. Shape of auricle had significant contribution to the total diversity of sugarcane. Keywords: Saccharum officinarum, germplasm, morphology, genetic relationship