Encryption of Color Image Based on DNA Strand and Exponential Factor

Abstract

In this study, a new method has been eliciting for encoding 2D and 3D color images. The DNA strand construction was used as the basis for structuring the method. This method consisted of two main stages, the encryption and decryption stages. As each stage includes several operations to reach the desired goal. In the coding stage, a special table was prepared to show the mechanism of work. It starts with encoding the DNA bases into two binary orders, then two zeros are added to the string to finally consist of four binary bits whose size is parallel to the representation of a set of hexadecimal numbers represented in binary, where the XOR operation is then done between the two values to be the result is completely different from the original code. Then the binary values we obtained are converted to decimal values that are placed in an array with the same size as the image to be encoded. Finally, this last array was processed with the exponential function factor, so the final result is a 100% encoded image. In the decoding stage, another algorithm was built that reflects the work of what preceded it in the encryption stage, where the result was an exact copy of the original image. It is worth noting that standard images of different sizes were used as testing images. The performance evaluation of the method was calculated based on several factors: MSE, peak PSNR, and the time required to perform the encoding and decoding process. The method achieved good results when compared with the results of other methods in terms of quality and time.