Roles of Micronutrients in Pregnancy

Abstract

This study assessed the roles of micronutrients in pregnancy. Micronutrients play a central part in the metabolism and maintenance of tissue functions in human beings. Sources of micronutrients include vegetables and fruits and, as such, categorized under vitamins and minerals. These are required in small amounts in the body but greatly impact healthy growth and development. In pregnancy, these micronutrients' adequate requirements are necessary as inadequate intake could result in adverse maternal conditions such as anemia, hypertension, labor complications, and even death. These could, in turn, affect the fetus resulting in stillbirth, premature delivery, intrauterine growth retardation, congenital malformations, reduced immune competence, and abnormal organ development. The micronutrients include vitamins (such as water-soluble vitamins and fat-soluble) and minerals, classified into micro and macro. Strategies for correcting deficiency of these micronutrients in pregnant women can improve pregnancy outcomes. However, it is more beneficial to consume an adequate micronutrient level before conception to minimize the likely risks associated with their mother and fetus deficiencies.