Family functioning in persons with schizophrenia: Cross sectional study across the genders

Abstract

Background: Schizophrenia is a significant and disabling condition that puts a financial and emotional burden on the supporting family members. The aim of the study was to explore the family functioning among the persons diagnosed with schizophrenia and differences across genders. Materials and Methods: The study was a cross-sectional, hospital-based observational research conducted at the tertiary care institution. A purposive sampling technique was used to select participants, resulting in a sample size of 65, calculated using G*Power software. Inclusion criteria included individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia according to ICD-10, with a duration of illness over two years and an age range of 21 to 60 years. Family caregivers with co-morbid psychiatric or organic illnesses, substance abuse history, or those caring for more than one patient were excluded. Data was collected using a Socio-Demographic Data Sheet and the Family Assessment Device (FAD), a standardized measure assessing seven subscales of family functioning. SPSS version 20 was used for statistical analysis, including tests of normality and descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Results: The family assessment data using the McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD) shows significant dysfunction across multiple domains among individuals with schizophrenia, with notable gender differences. Conclusion: These findings highlight the need for tailored interventions that address specific challenges faced by males and females to improve family functioning and support recovery.