Antibody kinetics and serologic profiles of SARS-CoV-2 infection using two serologic assays

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Abstract

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging threat worldwide. This study aims to assess the serologic profiles and time kinetics of antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in patients with COVID-19 using two immunoassays. Methods A total of 97 samples serially collected from 17 patients with COVID-19 and 137 negative control samples were analyzed for IgM and IgG against SARS-CoV-2 using the AFIAS COVID-19 Ab (Boditech Med Inc., Chuncheon, Republic of Korea) and the EDI™ Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 ELISA Kit (Epitope Diagnostics, Inc., San Diego, CA). Results With both assays, IgM and IgG rapidly increased after 7 days post symptom onset (PSO). IgM antibody levels reached a peak at 15-35 d PSO and gradually decreased. IgG levels gradually increased and remained at similar levels after 22-35 d. The diagnostic sensitivities of IgM/IgG for ≤14d PSO were 21.4%/35.7-57.1% and increased to 41.2-52.9%/ 88.2-94.1% at >14 d PSO with specificities of 98.5%/94.2% for AFIAS COVID-19 Ab and 100.0%/96.4% for EDI™ Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 ELISA Kit. Among 137 negative controls, 12 samples (8.8%) showed positive or indeterminate results. Conclusions The antibody kinetics against SARS-CoV-2 are similar to common findings of acute viral infectious diseases. Antibody testing is useful for ruling out SARS-CoV-2 infection after 14 d PSO, detecting past infection, and epidemiologic surveys.

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CITATION STYLE

APA

Kweon, O. J., Lim, Y. K., Kim, H. R., Kim, M. C., Choi, S. H., Chung, J. W., & Lee, M. K. (2020). Antibody kinetics and serologic profiles of SARS-CoV-2 infection using two serologic assays. PLoS ONE, 15(10 October). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240395

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