Regulation of Kisspeptin mediated signaling by non-coding RNAs in different cancers: The beginning of a new era

Abstract

Kisspeptin-driven intracellular signaling has captured enormous attention because of its central role in cancer onset and progression. Wealth ofinformation has helped us to develop a better understanding of the critical roles of Kisspeptin-mediated signaling in different cancers. However, astonishingly,we have not yet drilled down deep into the mysterious aspects associated with non-coding RNA mediated regulation of Kisspeptin-driven signaling. Therefore, inthis mini-review, we will comprehensively analyze available evidence related to miRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) and their ability to modulateKisspeptin-mediated signaling. There are visible knowledge gaps about interplay between non-coding RNAs and Kisspeptin-mediated signaling. It will be appropriate to say that we have just started to scratch the surface of an entirely new regulatory layer of Kisspeptin-mediated transduction cascade. Mechanistically, ithas been revealed that inhibition of Kisspeptin mediated signaling activated and stimulated the entry of NFκB into the nucleus to stimulate expression of proteinswhich can sequentially inactivate tumor suppressor miRNAs. miRNAs have also an instrumental role in regulation of proteins which post-translationally modifyand inhibit KISS1 expression. It is becoming progressively more understandable that LncRNAs act as miRNA sponges and protect oncogenic mRNAs. However,these facets are also incompletely investigated. Identifcation of LncRNAs which interfere with Kisspeptin-mediated pathway either through acting as miRNAsponges or working with methylation-associated machinery will be helpful in sharpening the resolution of the pixels of the regulatory network which shapesKisspeptin-mediated signaling.