Exploring the mechanisms of chrysin in combating Alzheimer’s disease: therapeutic perspectives

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common form of dementia marked by the development of neurofibrillary plaques made of tau and beta-amyloid. These aggregates have been found to interfere with mitochondrial function, resulting in the deterioration of synaptic and neuronal structures. Chrysin (5, 7-dihydroxyflavone) is classified as an herbal polyphenol and can be found in various medicinal plants, honey, propolis, and other sources. Chrysin has been found to enhance cognitive function and exhibit strong anti-amyloidogenic and neurotrophic properties. This compound exhibits neuroprotective properties through its ability to inhibit amyloid fibrillation. Chrysin exhibited the ability to preserve the homeostasis between anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Chrysin has been observed to exhibit the ability to inhibit microglial activation, which suggests a potential role in promoting the survival of neuronal cells. The effectiveness of chrysin in preventing AD through a variety of pathways is thoroughly reviewed in this article, including but not limited to inhibition of amyloid aggregation, calcium activation, association with heavy metals, and attenuation of neuroinflammation.