Vitamin D status: Ready for guiding prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment?

Abstract

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased risk of prostate cancer for those with elevated prostatespecific antigen (PSA) level or abnormal digital rectal examination. Vitamin D deficiency is also associated with aggressive prostate cancer. Vitamin D level could be added as an additional factor to consider before ordering a biopsy. © 2014 AACR.