Contrast-induced Nephropathy among Patients Administered with Contrast Material at a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction: Administration of an intravenous contrast medium, which is used in various routine hospital procedures, can lead to the development of nephropathy in some patients. This contrast-induced nephropathy is one of the most common reasons for hospital-acquired acute kidney injury. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of contrast-induced nephropathy among patients administered with contrast material at a tertiary care centre. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 4 March 2022 to 23 May 2022 at a tertiary care centre after taking ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 0812202106). Patients administered with an intravenous contrast medium for diagnostic imaging were included in the study. Data including sociodemographic variables and renal function test results were collected. A convenience sampling method was used. Point estimate was done and 95% Confidence Interval was calculated. Results: Among 174 participants, contrast-induced nephropathy was found in 86 (48.31%) (48.24-48.39, 95% Confidence Interval). Conclusions: The study showed that the prevalence of contrast-induced nephropathy was higher than findings from other studies done in a similar setting.