Maxillary Intraosseous Plexiform Schwannoma: A Rare Neoplasm Radiographically Imitating an Odontogenic Lesion

Abstract

Intraosseous plexiform schwannoma of the jaw is exceedingly rare, with only one previously reported case in the maxilla. We present a case of a 27-year-old male who presented with a painless maxillary swelling. Radiographic findings reveal an unilocular radiolucent lesion mimicking an odontogenic tumor or cyst. Histopathologic examination showed a multinodular spindle cell neoplasm showing Antoni A and B patterns and diffuse S100 positivity, confirming the diagnosis of intraosseous plexiform schwannoma. Although rare, this entity can mimic an odontogenic lesion on imaging. Awareness of this possibility is crucial to expand the differential diagnosis of radiolucencies of the jaw, and this case underscores the importance of histopathologic assessment for accurate diagnosis and appropriate clinical management.