Background: The CD86 costimulatory ligand and CD163 scavenger receptor are expressed on monocytes/macrophages. However, modulations in the expression of these immune regulatory receptors in metabolic disease remain unclear. We, therefore, compared the adipose tissue expression of CD86/CD163 and signature inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in non-diabetic and diabetic individuals. Methods: Subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies were collected from 57 non-diabetics and 46 diabetics classified based on body mass index as obese, overweight and lean and the expression of CD86/CD163 was assessed by quantitative RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry/ confocal microscopy. Results: The data show that CD86 and CD163 gene expression was elevated in non-diabetic obese individuals as compared with their lean counterparts (P [CD86] = 0.0035; P [CD163] = 0.0028). As expected, CD86 and CD163 protein expression was also found to be elevated in the adipose tissue samples of obese individuals. The CD86 gene expression in non-diabetic and diabetic individuals correlated positively (P<0.05) with that of TNF-α (r [non-diabetic] = 0.26; r [diabetic] = 0.49), IL-18 (r [non-diabetic] = 0.67; r [diabetic] = 0.63), and IL-8 (r [non-diabetic] = 0.38; r [diabetic] = 0.33). The CD86 gene expression correlated significantly with that of IL-23 and IP-10 in non-diabetic individuals. The CD86 gene expression also correlated with glycated hemoglobin (r [diabetic] = 0.38; P = 0.007). In parallel, CD163 gene expression also correlated positively (P<0.05) with TNF-α (r [non-diabetic] = 0.35; r [diabetic] = 0.38), IL-18 (r [non-diabetic] = 0.72; r [diabetic] = 0.71), IL-23 (r [non-diabetic] = 0.28), and IL-8 (r [non-diabetic] = 0.58; r [diabetic] = 0.35). The adipose tissue expression of IL-18 independently predicted the expression of CD86 and CD163 both in non-diabetic and diabetic individuals. Conclusion: The adipose tissue expression of CD86 and CD163 is elevated in obesity and T2D which has consensus with inflammatory signatures and represents novel immune markers for metabolic inflammation.
CITATION STYLE
Sindhu, S., & Thomas, R. (2015). Changes in the Adipose Tissue Expression of CD86 Costimulatory Ligand and CD163 Scavenger Receptor in Obesity and Type-2 Diabetes: Implication for Metabolic Disease. Journal of Glycomics & Lipidomics, 05(04). https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-0637.1000135
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