A Comprehensive Survey of Fire Weather Index (FWI) Systems and IoT Applications in Peatland Fire Management

Abstract

This paper presents a theoretical overview of peatland forest fire management, focusing on the integration of IoT-based monitoring systems and Fire Weather Index (FWI) for improved fire prediction and mitigation. The paper examines the impact of wildfires on carbon loss in Southeast Asian peatland forests and reviews existing IoT solutions for monitoring environmental conditions, such as temperature, humidity, and soil moisture. Furthermore, the paper surveys the current advancements in FWI systems, highlighting the role of machine learning in improving the accuracy of fire risk predictions by analyzing large environmental datasets. The research discusses challenges related to integrating IoT with FWI systems and considers critical factors such as topography, altitude, and human activities. By synthesizing existing literature, this paper aims to outline the current state of research and propose directions for future work to enhance fire risk prediction and management in peatland ecosystems.