Growth and saponin production of Talinum paniculatum Gaertn. callus culture on various addition with 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and kinetin

Abstract

The objectives of the research were to study the effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxiacetic acid (2,4-D) and kinetin on callus growth and saponin production from Talinum paniculatum Gaertn. callus. The outline of the research was T. paniculatum as a medicinal plant potentially to be developed with in vitro culture method. The addition of 2,4-D and kinetin in culture’s medium would induce protein synthesis, further more it would influence cell proliferation and cell metabolism with regulation enzyme action, so that both of induced callus growth and secondary metabolism production from the cell that be cultured. The research used factorial completely randomized design with two factors (2,4-D concentration: 0 mgl-1, 0.5 mgl-1, 1 mgl-1, 1.5 mgl-1 and kinetin concentration: 0 mgl-1, 0.5 mgl-1, 1 mgl-1, 1.5 mgl-1) with three replicates. Data that be collected were qualitative data (callus morphology included textur and colour of callus) and quantitative data (callus growth rate, callus wet weight, callus dry weight and saponin content). Data were analyzed by using anova and followed by DMRT 5% confidence level and corelation regresion. The result of the research indicated that the treatment with addition plant regulation (2,4-D and kinetin) on MS medium have significant effect on callus growth and saponin production. Addition 2,4-D 1.5 mgl-1 and kinetin 1.5 mgl-1 as anoptimum combination concentration to induce callus growth and saponin production.