Uporaba nevrofeedbacka pri obravnavi motenj pozornosti s hiperaktivnostjo ali brez nje – ADHD/ADD

Abstract

Nevrofeedback (imenovan tudi EEG feedback ali nevroterapija) je postopek, s katerim se posamezniki naučijo spreminjati svoje možgansko valovanje po načelih operantnega pogojevanja. Omenjeni postopek se uporablja pri obravnavi vedenjskih motenj, učnih težav, pri motnjah spanja, kroničnih bolečinah, epilepsiji. V pomoč naj bi bil tudi pri anksioznosti in depresiji. Cilj prispevka je prikazati uporabo nevrofeedbacka pri obravnavi oseb z motnjo pozornosti s hiperaktivnostjo (ADHD). Raziskave kažejo, da se z neurofeedbackom lahko izboljša jedrna simptomatika ADHD, kot je nepozornost, hiperaktivnost in impulzivnost. Nevrofeedback bi zato utegnil postati pomemben element obravnave otrok z ADHD v okviru širšega multimodalno zastavljenega pristopa.Neurofeedback, known also as EEG feedback or neurotherapy, is a procedure based on behavioral therapy where subjects learn to modify their brain waves by means of operant conditioning. The procedure is used in treatment of behavioral disorders, learning difficulties, sleep disorders, chronic pain, and epilepsy. It can also be of some help in treating anxiety and depression. The aim of the article is to present the use of neurofeedback in treatment of attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADHD). Research shows that during the procedure subjects improve the core symptoms of ADHD such as the inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Neurofeedback could become an important element of multimodal assessment of children with ADHD.