Transient Global Amnesia: A retrospective case-control study with focus on cerebrovascular appearance.

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Abstract

Background and aims: Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a disturbance characterised by the abrupt onset of anterograde amnesia. Aetiology and pathogenesis of TGA remains obscure. Several different causes have been described. The aim of this study was to retrospectively collect epidemiological data, approach the clinical appearance of TGA, and by using Computer Tomography (CT) and Magnet Resonance Imaging (MRI) of brain to investigate possible aetiologies of TGA. Methods: 103 patients (39 males and 64 females), referred to the Department of Neurology of the University Hospital, Linköping, between January 2011 and February 2018, with a TGA diagnosis retrospectively included. Blood tests, cholesterol, vitamin D, blood pressure, Electrocardiogram (ECG), Electroencephalogram (EEG), Doppler ultrasound of extracranial arteries, ultrasound of the heart, telemetry, Computer Tomography (CT) (in 95 patients) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) (in 43 patients) were performed. Results: Our results for age distribution, female predominance, TGA recurrence and amnesia duration are in line with the results from other studies. However, in 8 patients MRI showed a spotty high-intensity lesion in different brain areas such as hippocampus, temporal lobe, frontal lobe and post central gyrus. In our patients DWI in combination with ADC indicated an acute infarction. (Figure presented) Conclusion: We managed to identify, with the use of MRI, a not-negligible minority of patients with possible ischemic damage during memory loss. These findings support the hypothesis that TGA may be produced by an acute stroke in isolation.

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Transient Global Amnesia: A retrospective case-control study with focus on cerebrovascular appearance. (n.d.). https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.14019

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